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Frederick Valk
Frederick Valk (10 June 1895 – 23 July 1956) was a German-born Jewish stage and screen actor of Czech descent who fled to the United Kingdom in the late 1930s to escape Nazi persecution, and subsequently became a naturalised British citizen. Despite making his later career in the English-speaking world, Valk never attempted to shed his heavy Mitteleuropa accent in either his stage or film work, and it became a trademark, particularly in film where he was often the first choice for a role which called for a German or Central European accent.
==Stage career==
Valk made his first appearance on the London stage in 1939, going on to play in numerous productions of classic drama including leading roles in Shakespeare, with his performances as Shylock in ''The Merchant of Venice'' and in the title role of ''Othello'' attracting critical admiration. In 1946 he won the ''Ellen Terry Award'' for best actor for his performance in Fyodor Dostoyevsky's ''The Brothers Karamazov''.〔("Frederick Valk Dies - Best Actor of 1946" ) ''The Glasgow Herald'', 24-07-1956. ''Retrieved 20-08-2010''〕
Valk also toured overseas, in the 1950s performing at the fledgling Stratford Shakespeare Festival in Canada. When challenged by local journalists that as a Jew he should feel uneasy about playing Shylock, he replied that the assertion made no more sense than saying a Scotsman should baulk at playing Macbeth, that he in fact found a strong pro-Semitic message in the play and that he deplored "that people are beset with prejudices of all sorts and can't bring themselves to wipe their eyes and read and think".〔("Jewish Actor Defends Role Of Shylock" ) ''Ottawa Citizen'', 21-05-1955. ''Retrieved 20-08-2010''〕 Critics responded with fulsome praise for his performance: "Mr Valk works in the grandest continental manner...every gesture breathes intelligence and every vocal note is true".〔("Fresh Winds Over Stratford" ) ''Ottawa Citizen'', 09-07-1955. ''Retrieved 20-08-2010''〕 The Canadian Jewish Congress however, who had protested vociferously over the inclusion of the play in the Stratford programme, loathed the production, stating: "We were assured...in advance of the staging of the play that it would not emerge an anti-Semitic production, that Frederick Valk would rise to great heights as Shylock. These predictions did not materialize: the play remains the vilest anti-Semitic production on record."〔("Shylock Does Us Little Good" ) ''The Canadian Jewish Chronicle'', 08-07-1955. ''Retrieved 20-08-2010''〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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